---
title: "Hydration Error in Next.js: What Is It, Why Does It Happen, and How Is It Fixed?"
category: "Frontend"
date: "2026-07-18"
readTime: "8 min read"
author: "Poyraz Avsever"
slug: "nextjs-hydration-error-what-is-it-and-how-is-it-fixed"
excerpt: "What is the Hydration Error, which is frequently encountered in Next.js projects? What causes HTML mismatches between the server and the client, and how can we solve these errors professionally?"
coverImage: "/blog/images/nextjs-hydration-error-nedir-ve-nasil-cozulur.png"
canonicalUrl: "https://medium.com/@poyrazavsever/nextjs-hydration-error-what-is-it-and-how-is-it-fixed-hash"
lang: "en"
---

![](/blog/images/nextjs-hydration-error-nedir-ve-nasil-cozulur.png)

While developing an application with Next.js, we have all probably seen that red error message suddenly appearing in the middle of the screen. When I encountered this situation often in my own projects as well, instead of saying "I wrote everything correctly, why is it not working", I wanted to get to the root of the matter and research this topic in detail.

We all know the name of this error: Hydration Error. However, instead of only finding memorized solutions, understanding how the system works is much more useful. Because when we grasp the logic behind the error, solving it becomes child's play.

Let's first go into the kitchen of the work.

### Pre-rendering: A Lifeless HTML Skeleton

The biggest feature that separates Next.js from classic React applications is that it creates pages on the server before sending them to the browser. We call this Pre-rendering.

When a user enters your site, Next.js presents them with a completely filled and readable HTML instead of an empty page. Thanks to this, users see the content instantly. Everything is great up to this point. But although this HTML file coming from the server is very fast, it is still a lifeless structure. You cannot click buttons or open menus because React is not in play yet.

### Hydration: Adding Water to Static Code

This is exactly where the Hydration process begins. Right after the browser draws that static HTML on the screen, it downloads and runs the React code in the background.

React wakes up and examines this lifeless HTML structure in the browser. Then, by matching it with the structure in its own memory and connecting the necessary functions to buttons, forms, and links, it makes the page interactive. You can compare this process to watering a dried plant and bringing it back to life. The word hydrate already comes exactly from here.

The system sounds very flawless, but sometimes things go wrong and we encounter this message in the console:

```text
Error: Text content does not match server-rendered HTML.
```

So while the system is this logical, why does React suddenly give an error and stop the process? Now let's look together at the root of this problem and the most common mistakes made.

---

## The Main Problem: Mismatch

When React wakes up in the browser, it actually has a very clear expectation. The HTML structure prepared and sent by the server and the HTML structure it creates in its own memory must be exactly the same. Even the slightest difference is not accepted.

Let's say the server printed "A" on the screen. If React runs in the browser and says "I need to write B here", things get mixed up at that moment. Because React is designed not to change the existing HTML, but only to take it over. If the structure it will take over turns out to be different from what it expects, it stops the process in the name of security and consistency and throws that mismatch error.

Actually, React is simply telling us this: "The draft coming from the server and the draft you want me to draw in the browser do not match. I do not know which one to trust."

So why do these two structures turn out different from each other... Where do we make mistakes... Let's look at the scenarios we encounter most often.

## The 4 Most Common Causes of Hydration Error

This mismatch generally has a few very basic causes. Instead of complex theories, let's proceed with simple code examples.

### 1. Invalid HTML Nesting

While writing HTML, sometimes we can stretch the rules, but React is quite sensitive about this. For example, imagine that you accidentally put a div inside a paragraph tag.

```html
<p>
  Hello
  <div>World</div>
</p>
```

The server creates this exactly as it is and sends it to the browser. But when browsers see faulty HTML structures, they automatically fix the structure to display the page properly. In other words, they throw that div tag outside the paragraph. When React runs and looks at the DOM, it sees that the structure coming from the server and the structure the browser fixed on its own are different, and it gives the error.

### 2. Using Browser-Specific Objects Only

This is one of the traps we fall into most often. While developing, we may want to read the screen width or a piece of data that exists only in the browser.

```jsx
function MyComponent() {
  const isMobile = typeof window !== 'undefined' && window.innerWidth < 768

  return <div>{isMobile ? 'Mobile View' : 'Desktop View'}</div>
}
```

On the server side, that is, in the Node.js environment, there is no window object. That is why the server generally runs and sends this code as "Desktop View". But when you open the code on a phone, React finds the window object while running in the browser and produces the "Mobile View" result. Since the text coming from the server and the text in the browser do not match, the hydration error becomes inevitable.

### 3. Random Values and Times

Functions that produce different results each time they run are also enemies of this process.

```jsx
function RandomNumber() {
  const number = Math.random()
  return <div>Your lucky number: {number}</div>
}
```

While creating the HTML, the server generates a random number, for example let's say 0.5. When the browser loads the page and runs React, this function is triggered again and this time it generates a different number. Since the two results are different from each other, the system gives an error again. The same situation also happens when printing the current date or time on the screen.

### 4. Browser Extensions

Sometimes your code is completely flawless, but when you refresh the page, you still get this error. The reason for this may be browser extensions such as Grammarly or automatic translation tools. As soon as the page loads, these extensions interfere with the HTML structure from the outside and add their own tags. When React wakes up and looks at the HTML, it notices that the structure it produced has been changed by extensions and stops the process.

Now that we understand the source of the problem and its reasons, we can move on to the most enjoyable part, namely the solution methods.

---

## Error Solving Strategies (How Do We Solve It?)

We understood the reasons for the error and how React thinks. So how will we solve this problem permanently. Let's examine the three most effective methods you can use according to your need and scenario.

### Method 1: Delaying Render with useEffect (Mounted State)

If you need the `window` object or a value that works only in the browser in your application, this is the safest way.

In React, the `useEffect` hook runs only in the browser (on the client side), it does not run on the server. We can use this information to create a state and check whether our component has really loaded in the browser (whether it has mounted or not).

```jsx
import { useState, useEffect } from 'react'

function ClientOnlyComponent() {
  const [isMounted, setIsMounted] = useState(false)

  useEffect(() => {
    // This code will run only in the browser
    setIsMounted(true)
  }, [])

  // If we are not in the browser yet, show nothing or a loading screen
  if (!isMounted) {
    return null
  }

  // Now we can safely use the window object
  return <div>Screen width: {window.innerWidth}</div>
}
```

Thanks to this method, the server side returns `null`, and the browser also returns `null` during the first render stage. Since the two match each other, we do not get an error. Immediately afterward, `useEffect` comes into play and prints our real content to the screen.

### Method 2: Next.js Dynamic Imports (Turning Off SSR)

If you have a very large component in your hands (for example a map library or a complex chart) and you do not want this component to be rendered on the server at all, there is a great feature offered by Next.js.

By using `next/dynamic`, you can give the `{ ssr: false }` setting while including a component in the project. Thanks to this, Next.js completely ignores that component on the server side.

```jsx
import dynamic from 'next/dynamic'

// We turn off the ssr feature while importing the component
const NoSSRComponent = dynamic(() => import('../components/HeavyMap'), {
  ssr: false,
})

function MyPage() {
  return (
    <div>
      <h1>Contact Page</h1>
      <NoSSRComponent />
    </div>
  )
}
```

This method both solves hydration errors from the root and provides a performance increase because you do not tire the server unnecessarily.

### Method 3: Ignoring the Mismatch (suppressHydrationWarning)

Sometimes we know there is a mismatch, but we are sure that it is completely harmless. For example, you may be printing the current time on the screen, and it is very natural for the time on the server and the user's time to differ by a few seconds.

In such cases, we can tell React, "I know what I am doing, ignore the mismatch in this HTML tag."

```jsx
function CurrentTime() {
  const time = new Date().toLocaleTimeString()
  
  return (
    <div suppressHydrationWarning>
      Current time: {time}
    </div>
  )
}
```

When you add this feature to the relevant HTML tag, React stops throwing an error for that line. However, there is a very important detail here. You should use this feature only for text differences. If there is a difference in the HTML structure (for example, if an extra div has been added), this feature will not work and your application will still give an error. Therefore, it is useful to use this only as a last resort and carefully.

---

## Conclusion and Best Approaches

Although the hydration error looks like a very scary error screen at first, it is actually React's method of protecting our application from inconsistencies. After understanding how the system works, solving these errors becomes quite easy.

To encounter these errors less in the future, acquiring these three basic habits is a lifesaver:

*   **Write Valid HTML:** Always stay loyal to HTML rules. Avoid faulty nestings such as putting a div inside a span tag.
*   **Manage Browser Data Correctly:** When using browser-specific structures such as window, document, or localStorage, always take into account how your component will behave on the server.
*   **Choose the Right Tool:** When you encounter a mismatch, your first choice should generally be delaying with useEffect or turning off server rendering with dynamic import. Use the suppressHydrationWarning feature only for small text differences such as time or random numbers.

I hope this article helps you solve those famous red error screens you encounter in your projects in a less stressful way. Keeping this basic logic in the background of the work in mind while developing will save you plenty of time.

See you in the next article.
